Современные многофункциональные композитные клеточные структуры: инновации и влияние в аэрокосмическом машиностроении

Авторы

A. Jaberi ¹ , A. Alimohammadi ² , S. Mahboubizadeh ³ , E.N. Dresvyanina ¹

¹ Институт текстиля и моды, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет промышленных технологий и дизайна, ул. Большая Морская, д. 18, Санкт-Петербург, 191186, Россия

² Department of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Department Branch, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran

³ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran

10.17586/2687-0568-2025-7-3-155-183

Rev. Adv. Mater. Technol., 2025, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 155–183

Аннотация

В последние годы аэрокосмическая промышленность все активнее внедряет композиционные материалы и сотовые конструкции для решения задач создания легких, высокоэффективных и энергоэффективных конструкций. Эти достижения привели к замене традиционных металлических компонентов на волокнистые полимерные материалы, керамические матричные композиты и усовершенствованные сотовые наполнители в критически важных структурных элементах, таких как крылья, обшивки фюзеляжа и лопасти роторов. Сотовые сэндвич-панели благодаря их превосходному соотношению жесткости и массы, а также способности поглощать энергию, широко применяются как в гражданской, так и в военной авиации. В данной работе исследуются механические характеристики, области применения в конструкции и технологии производства этих структур. Особое внимание уделяется интеграции сотовых ячеек с градиентной плотностью, радиопоглощающих материалов и технологий адаптивно-перестраиваемой геометрии крыла, которые повышают аэродинамическую эффективность и маскировочные свойства. В работе также рассматриваются актуальные проблемы, такие как устойчивость к ударам, уязвимость при ударах молнии, явления флаттера и проникновение влаги, способные нарушить целостность конструкции. Более того, исследование охватывает последние инновации в области аддитивного производства и био-вдохновленных дизайнов, поддерживающих разработку сложных геометрий и адаптивных конструкций. Эта статья подготовлена как всесторонний обзор, направленный на обобщение и критическую оценку современных достижений в области композиционных материалов и многофункциональных ячеистых структур в авиационно-космической технике.

Ключевые слова

сотовая структура; композиционная конструкция; аэродинамическая эффективность; сэндвич-панель; волокнистые полимерные материалы

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Том 7, № 3

Страницы 155-183

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Поступила в редакцию: 25 Июля 2025

Принята: 04 Сентября 2025

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